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1995-03-04
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Document 0214
DOCN M9550214
TI Pediatric HIV infection: neurologic and neuropsychologic findings.
DT 9505
AU Fowler MG; Vaccine Trials and Epidemiology Branch, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda.
SO Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1994 Aug;400:59-62. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/95135022
AB Neurologic and neuropsychologic findings are early and important
prognostic indicators of symptomatic HIV disease among infants and young
children. The most common presentations include progressive
encephalopathy, loss of motor milestones, and corticospinal tract
abnormalities. It is hypothesized that, in some instances, the more
severe neurologic manifestations of HIV noted in infancy may reflect the
consequences of in utero HIV infection, or the increased vulnerability
of infants to HIV infection during a time of rapid brain growth. Current
research suggests that infants with basal ganglia calcification and
those with plummeting or low CD4+ counts are at particular risk of
severe central nervous disease progression. In contrast to infants and
toddlers, older children and adolescents appear to demonstrate only
subtle neurologic dysfunction until very late in their illness. Findings
seen include attentional difficulties, fine motor tremors, visual
sequencing problems, and depressive affect. One of the challenges for
the 1990s will be rapidly to identify those infants who are at high risk
of central nervous system disease progression, and to institute
effective treatments that can halt the devastating effects of HIV on the
developing brain. In addition to early identification of the high-risk
infants, neuropsychologic, neuroimaging and laboratory measures need to
be identified that will allow effective monitoring of responses to
therapy.
DE Central Nervous System Diseases/*COMPLICATIONS/DIAGNOSIS/
EPIDEMIOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY Child Child, Preschool CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Human HIV Infections/*COMPLICATIONS/DIAGNOSIS/EPIDEMIOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY
Infant Magnetic Resonance Imaging Neuropsychological Tests Prognosis
Risk Factors Tomography, X-Ray Computed JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW
REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).